The civil war in Sri Lanka was brought to an end with the declaration of victory from the Government of Sri Lanka. However, as an impact of the war, the existing community, especially the minority Tamils community living in the war torn North – East provinces, has been affected physically and mentally, and also lost their livelihood resources. The community-based infrastructure in these provinces were destroyed and damaged. After the end of the war, the International Organizations said that through their statistics, more than 35,000 children and adult have disabled due to the massive injury and many of them died due to septic bed sore, some of them killed, some patients disappeared, many more in detention camp under suspicion.

Raising cattle for milk production requires close attention to breeding them so that they produce the most milk possible. This will require some planning, close observation and recording of matings and regular recording of the daily milk production of all of the cows in the herd. A suitable recording sheet for recording the reproductive activity of cattle is included in this publication.

Dairy cattle breeding is the process of selecting and mating individuals in accordance with breeding goals, with the aim of changing genetic merit of future generations and bringing about an improvement in economic efficiency. For instance, a breeding goal may be designed to improve milk production, health, and fertility. Selection would then be for individuals who will produce offspring that genetically will earn greater profit through improved production at a lower cost (due to improved health and fertility).